State’s Poor Fiscal Health Demands Caution
Charlie Arlinghaus
March 7, 2012
As originally publish in the New Hampshire Union Leader
Stupid laws beget stupid problems. The current debate over the rainy day fund and what to do with a surplus has been going on for eight years and is a direct result of bad legislation. What to do, as with most budget issues, requires common sense and a little discipline. The last budget had an odd technical surplus and we should prevent people from being too excited about the existence of money that may mislead them about the state’s very poor fiscal health.
The State of New Hampshire operates under a two-year budget. The audit for the second year of the budget ending June 30, 2011 shows that the state ended the two year budget cycle with a decent surplus – with a $17.7 million balance plus $9.3 million in the rainy day fund for reserves of $27 million. (we started the cycle on July 1, 2009 with a zero balance and $9.3 million in the rainy day fund). In the first year of the budget, we took in $65 more than we spent but in the second year we spent $48 million more than we took in despite significant lapses in spending that the governor quite justifiably brags about.
It would be unfair to describe FY2011 as having a $48 million deficit because we budget on a two-year cycle. It is no more important than an individual twelve months be balanced than that a week or month be balanced.
Don’t let talk of a $17 million surplus fool you into think everything is hunky-dory in Concord. Things aren’t horrible but the budget was only balanced in 2010-2011 by the unprecedented use of borrowed money and grants. The first of the two budget years had used nearly $300 million in one-time federal bailout funds and borrowing. The second year – the year being talked about publicly as having a “surplus” – used $200 million in borrowing and one-time grants and still was $48 million short for the year.
The Swiss cheese nature of the last budget is why the current budget was forced to make significant cuts. The current two-year budget is projected to spend 9.9% less over its two years than the last budget did in an apples to apples comparison. Those cuts were required to replace borrowed money and the federal bailout.
The governor frets that the current budget is $14.1 million short in the first year with $14.7 million extra in the second. In a two-year budget cycle that seems reasonable compared to the $65 million up, $48 million down roller coaster in the last budget.
The real fight right now is over the rainy day fund. Yet, the sad part is that if state law were followed, there would be no debate. Under the state’s rainy day fund law, any surplus at the end of the two-year budget shall be deposited into the rainy day fund once the audit is complete. There is no vote, no choice. It happens automatically.
But the current budget suspended that law as did the three budgets before it. Section 207 of the current budget requires “nothwithstanding RSA 9:13-e…any budget surplus shall NOT be deposited….” Faithful readers will recall my carping on this subject during Gov. Lynch’s first budget when he also enjoyed a Republican legislature. Republicans inserted the language, then Democrats followed suit, and now Republicans did it again. You’ll forgive me if I have no sympathy now that suspending the budget law has come back and bit them in the neck.
The point of a rainy day fund law is to automatically take surpluses generated in good years and save them so we don’t have to play odd borrowing games in off years. The rainy day fund requires approval of both the governor and the legislature for a withdrawal and stipulates conditions that must be met (deficit or revenue shortfall). It’s not meant to be a windfall to be used to fund whatever you wish to fund instead of raising the taxes to pay for your plans.
Because there are restrictions, some politicians prefer the flexibility of just leaving it as an undesignated balance to use however they wish. But in New Hampshire we have storm clouds on the horizon (hospital lawsuits, uncertain revenues, and an uncertain economy) and our track record of responsibility is poor.
The legislature did the wrong thing in suspending the rainy day fund law. The Governor is suggesting they double down on their mistake. They need to ignore his siren calls, admit their error, and put the money away in the rainy day fund before someone spends it.